"So GEO is basically just PR, right?" It's a question I get asked a lot lately.
The short answer: GEO is close to PR. But PR alone isn't enough to complete it. If PR is "the activity of building awareness," then GEO is "the activity of making an already-recognized brand understandable to AI."
Publications like PR Daily and Muck Rack increasingly argue that "GEO should be owned by PR teams." I partly agree — but when I consider the role that PR plays in Japan specifically, I don't think PR alone is enough to complete GEO.
Why GEO Looks Like PR
Line up the things that matter in GEO, and they do look like PR work.
- Press release distribution
- Media coverage
- Citation acquisition
- Social media mentions
- Third-party references
PR specialist publication Muck Rack has written: "GEO has significant overlap with public relations. PR has always been about shaping a narrative, earning coverage, and building trust with audiences via media. Optimizing earned media for generative engines is a natural extension of that." That framing makes sense to me.
With Genview too, AI citations increased after we distributed a press release on PR TIMES. External mentions became the trigger for AI to start recognizing Genview — a process that looked exactly like the effect of a PR campaign. But without building out our internal content afterward, those citations didn't continue.
→ [Experiment] Why Did Genview, Once Recommended by AI, Stop Being Recommended?
But PR Alone Can't Get AI to Recommend You
That said, I believe PR alone isn't enough.
AI can't recommend a brand just because it "knows it exists." What's needed is for AI to "understand what the brand is." Here's the kind of situation that arises:
- The press release got Genview's name recognized by AI
- But "what the tool does," "who it's for," and "how it differs from competitors" were still not understood
- So AI couldn't answer the question "what GEO tools do you recommend?"
Awareness and understanding are different things. Even if a press release spreads a brand name, that doesn't mean AI is in a state where it can "correctly describe" that company.
Overseas, PR teams often handle content strategy, thought leadership articles, and FAQ development — which is part of why the "GEO = PR" argument holds up there. In Japan, however, PR departments are typically centered on media relations, press releases, and crisis management. FAQ development, glossary building, Entity formation, and structured data implementation are rarely handled by PR teams. This difference in roles is precisely why, in the Japanese context, "GEO can't be completed by PR alone" is my conclusion.
AI Doesn't Come to Press Conferences
This is the fundamental difference between PR and GEO.
After reading a press release, a human journalist will contact the company. They ask questions, confirm details, develop understanding, and then write an article. The journalist actively fills in the gap from awareness to understanding.
AI doesn't interview anyone. It doesn't ask questions. It doesn't verify anything. It reads only what's publicly available.
This means that for AI, the "understanding process" that journalists used to fill in through interviews must be prepared by the company itself as content. "What is this service?" "Whose problem does it solve?" "How is it different from competitors?" — information a journalist would draw out through an interview, AI won't go looking for on its own. So that information needs to be on the web.
This is why content development — to create understanding — is needed alongside PR that creates awareness.
Awareness Alone Isn't Enough for AI to Understand
This is precisely where PR falls short. Lay PR and GEO side by side and the gap becomes clear.
| Area |
PR |
GEO |
| Awareness building |
○ |
○ |
| Media coverage |
○ |
○ |
| FAQ development |
△ |
○ |
| Glossary building |
△ |
○ |
| Entity formation |
× |
○ |
| Structured data |
× |
○ |
Awareness building and media coverage overlap between PR and GEO. But FAQ development, glossary building, Entity formation, and structured data implementation — these are not PR's job in Japan. They're GEO-specific territory, needed to create a state where AI can "correctly understand" a brand.
Is GEO an Evolution of PR?
If SEO is "the activity of getting pages found," then GEO is "the activity of getting brands understood." Where SEO primarily optimizes at the page level, GEO works on shaping how the brand itself is recognized. In that sense, GEO has a structure closer to PR than to SEO.
In Japan, though, this can't be completed by PR alone. I believe it's an activity that only comes together when PR, marketing, and content teams work in conjunction.
GEO is not PR. But it might be fair to say it's a redefinition of PR for the AI age.
Summary
- GEO overlaps with PR in areas like press releases, media coverage, and citation acquisition
- Overseas, there's a growing view that "GEO should be owned by PR teams"
- But AI doesn't interview anyone — it reads only publicly available information
- If PR "builds awareness," GEO "creates the state where AI can understand a recognized brand"
- In Japan, PR is centered on media relations — FAQ, Entity formation, and structured data are GEO-specific territory
- GEO is not PR — but it may be a redefinition of PR for the AI age
AI doesn't come to press conferences. That's why companies must publish not just content that builds awareness, but content that creates understanding. That's what GEO means to me.
Related column: For our thinking on what GEO strategy is really about, see The Core of GEO Strategy, As I See It.
Related article: On the difference between companies AI chooses and companies humans choose, see Are the Companies AI Recommends the Same Ones Humans Choose?